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G. BROWNING. I APPARATUS FOR WEAVING SELVAGES.

No. .5."l 2,67 4. Patented Dec. 8, I896.)

PETERS co 4 G A V L w G V A W OW m F 3 U T A R A P P A (No ModemPatented'Deo. 8, 1896.

Ti R? u: uuams a n: co. mom-Mme. wasumoron u c UNITED STATES PATENTOFFICE.

GEORGE BROI/VNING, OF HINSDALE, ILLINOIS, ASSIGNOR OF TWO-THIRDS TOWILLIAM A. JOHNSON AND HARRY F. MAYDWELL, OF SAME PLACE.

APPARATUS FOR WEAVI NG SELVAGES.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 572,674, dated December8, 1896.

Application filed March 9, 1896. Serial No. 582,481. (No model.)Patented in France April 11, 1896, No. 255,466; in Bel ginm April 11,1896,1lo. 120,342, and in England April 11, 1896,1I0. 7,714.

To all whom, it may concern.-

Be it known that I, GEORGE BROWNING, a subject of the Queen of GreatBritain, residing at Hinsdale, in the county of Du Page and State ofIllinois, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Apparatusfor Weaving Selvages, (for which Letters Patent have been granted toGeorge Browning, WV. A. Johnson, and 1-1. F. Maydwell in the followingcountries: France, No. 255,466, dated April 11, 1896; Belgium, No.120,842, dated April 11, 1896, and Great Britain, No. 7,714, dated April11, 1896;) and I do hereby declare the following to be a full, clear,and exact description of the invention, which will enable others skilledin the art to which it appertains to make and use the same, referencebeing had to the accompanying drawings, forming a part of thisspecification.

The present invention relates more particularly to that branch of theweaving art in which the loom is adapted to weave two or more widths ofcloth at one and the same operation and in which the inner selvages areformed at the same time or coincident with the progress of the weavingoperation.

The objects of the present improvements are, first, to provide a simpleand efficient mechanism for forming selvages upon woven fabrics by theintroduction of a separate thread to tie or lock the warp and weftthreads together and form a selvage at the edge of the cloth, and whichseparate or independent thread is formed into a series of succeedingloops, each of which is successively formed within the succeeding oralternately-succeeding sheds of the warp and in front of theweft-threads, so that as the reed beats up such loop will be beaten intothe cloth along 4o with the weft-thread; second, to provide, in

connection with the above-mentioned selvage.-forming mechanism, anautomaticallyoperating shears for cutting away the weftthreads betweenthe separate widths of cloth 45 that are being woven on the loom; third,to provide, in connection with the before-mentioned selvage-formingmechanism, an autom atically-operating auxiliary mechanism for holdingthe selvage-forming mechanism in successively dormant and activeconditions during a continued action of the loom parts, so that theselvage-loops will be formed in two successive loops in the cloth andthen omitted from two successive picks of the regular weft.

I attain such objects by the construction and arrangement'of partsillustrated in the accompanying drawings, in which Figure 1 is alongitudinal sectional elevation of the present improved selvage-forming6o mechanism, the parts being shown in a partlyadvanced positionprevious to casting the initial loop; Fig. 2, a side elevation of theforward portion of such mechanism, the parts being shown in afully-advanced position and illustrating both the loop-forming needleswithin the shed and at the end of their forward stroke; Fig. 3, a detailbottom plan illustrating the shearing mechanism of the presentinvention; Fig. 4, a top plan of the mechanism in the positionillustrated and described in connection with Fig. 1; Fig. 5, ahorizontal section at line X X, Fig. 2, with the parts shown in theirfully-retracted position after having formed the loops and retreated outof the way of the reed; Fig. 6, an end elevation of the forward portionof the mechanism, illustrating the loop-forming needles in the positiondescribed in connection with Figs. 1, 4, or 5; Figs. 7,8, and 9,enlarged diagrammatic views illustrating the loop-forming needles intheir various positions during the operation of forming theselvage-1oops of the present invention; Fig. 10, an enlarged diagram ofa piece of cloth formed 8 5 with the present improved selvage. Fig. 11is a similar view of a modified form of such selvage.

Similar numerals of reference indicate like parts in the several views.

In the apparatus shown in the accompanying drawings as illustrativeofthe present improvement in the art of weaving selvages a dualarrangement of the loop-forming needles is employed, so as to formselvages on 5 the two inner and adjacent edges of the cloth, as it iswoven intwo widths. It is within the province of this part of thepresent invention to use two or more of such apparatus or mechanism, soas to enable the weaving of three roo or more widths at one and the sametime, as well as to construct such apparatus with but a singleloop-forming mechanism, so as to form the selvage upon the outer edge ofthe cloth.

Referring to the drawings, 1 represents the supporting frame or base ofthe present selvage-forming mechanism, which is attached in a stationarymanner to a suitable stationary portion of the loom, usually to thebreastbeam 2, by means of a thin webbed bracket 3, as illustrated inFig. 1.

4 is the head portion of the movable supporting-frame of theloop-forming mechanism, adapted to slide or reciprocate longitudinallyin suitable guides upon the stationary frame or base 1. In theconstruction shown the head 4 is provided with a horizontal guide bar orrod 5, that slides in guide lugs or brackets 6 on the fixed base orframe 1.

7 are the cop-carrying spindles arranged at each side of the center ofthe mechanism upon a cross-bar 8, attached to the rear end of the guidebar or rod 5.

9 are the thread-tension disks, of any usual and suitable construction,arranged at each side of the center of the mechanism and in the path ofthe threads passing from the cops to the loop-forming needles, so as toengage therewith and keep the same under tension.

The tension-disks 9 will usually be carried on the cross-frame 10, whichis adjustably secured to the horizontal guide bar or rod 5 of themovable carrying-frame and which on its under side is provided withlaterally-arranged bearing projections 11, that ride upon the topsurface of the main stationary base 1 to prevent any tendency to atilting sidewise of the movable carrying-frame and its differentattachments. By the adjustment of this cross-frame 10 upon the rod orbar 5 the amount of longitudinal movement of the carrying-frame isregulated to suit varying angles of the shed of the Warp-threads orother similar contingencies that may arise in weaving different classesof goods.

12 are laterally-extending guide-slides secured to thecentrally-arranged head 4 of the movable carrying-frame and projectinglaterally therefrom in opposite directions to afford a support for thelaterally-moving carriages of the loop-forming needles. Each of suchcarriages will consist of a sliding head 13, moving on the slides 12;springs 14, secured to such laterally-sliding heads 13 and to thecentral head 4, the tendency of which springs is to draw said heads 13toward each other; laterally-adjustable slides 15, made adjustable onthe heads 13 by means of suitable guides and ad j ustin g-screws 16, andvertically-adjustable needle-carrying brackets 17, attached in avertically-sliding manner to the laterally-adjustable slides 15 by meansof suitable guides and adj usting-screws 18.

The above-described adjustable nature of the needle-carriages admits ofa wide range of adjustment of the loop-forming needles,

so as to meet with the varying requirements that may arise in practicaluse.

19 and 20 are a pair of counterpart loopforming needles or fingerssecured, respectively, to the pair of counterpart brackets 17, and whichneedles in the present invention are of a downwardly-curved formation,with their points or eyes projecting toward each other, as shown inFigs. 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, and 9. Each needle is provided at its front edgewith a groove 21 to receive and protect the thread, which groove extendsfrom the shank-eye 22 to the point-eye 23 of the needle, as shown.

24 are upwardly-projecting posts on the sliding heads 13 of the rightand left hand needle carriages, preferably in the form offriction-rolls, as shown, and which are adapted to be engaged byasuitable operating-cam during the operation of the mechanism, ashereinafter more fully described.

25 is a transversely-extending gage or clothpositioning plate attachedto the centrallyarranged head 4 of the carrying-frame and adapted topress upon the cloth, so as to maintain the same, as well as the shedsof the warp-threads, in proper position with relation to theloop-forming needles.

26 is the operating cam plate or bracket of the present mechanism,secured to the cap 27 of the reed 28 of the loom. Such cam is formedwith inclined operating edges or faces 29 and 30 and straightholdingedges 31 and'32,which in the present construction are arranged asfollows: the incline 30 fully in advance of the incline 29 and thestraight holding-faces 31 and 32 immediately in the rear of therespective inclines, the arrangement being such that one of thelaterally-moving loop-forming needles will have first fully entered theshed of the warp-threads to cast a loop before the other needle beginsto enter such shed to cast or form its loop.

33 is a shoulder near the point of the cam, which initially abutsagainst one of the posts 24 and acts to move the sliding carryingframeback against its stops 36 before beginning to operate theneedle-carriages.

34 is a spring-dog on the cam-plate 26, that is adapted to engage backof the top edge of the head 4 of the main carrying-frame, so that in themovement of the cam away from the mechanism the present mechanism willbe carried forward until its stop-frame 10 comes against the forwardguide-bracket 6 on the main stationary frame 1.

35 are lateral projections on the cam-plate 26, that are adapted toengage against the projecting posts 24 of the needle-carriages, so as toforce said needle-carriages, 850., backwardin order that theloop-forming needles, 850., will not be in the way of the reed inbeating the weft-thread and the selvage-loops of the present inventioninto the cloth.

36 areadjustable stop-screws projecting forward from the main stationaryframe 1, and which in the present construction have a two-fold function,to wit: to initially stop the backward movement of the sliding frame,

needle-carriages, 850., until the needle-carriages have been movedlaterally apart, and

then to allow the full backward movement ofto the stationary base 1 ofthe mechanism by means of a slide 38 and adjusting and holding screws 39and 40, and a movable springblade 41, arranged between the twostationary blades, with its shank projecting up into to form selvage-loops from the separate threads employed in the present invention forinsertion along with each individual weftthread. Where from reasons,such, for instance, as the requirement of a separate selvage-thread ofsome bulk or where a very close pick of cloth is being woven, it isdesirable to employ a fewer number of such selvage-loops in a givenlength of cloth, the change can be readily efiected by the use, inconnection with the loop-forming mechanism heretofore described, of anauxiliary automatic mechanism for rendering the action of suchloop-forming mechanism dormant during two strokes of the reed, thenactive during the two succeeding strokes of the reed, and so on duringthe continued operation of the loom to produce the selvage illustratedin Fig. 11 of the drawings.

In the construction illustrated in Fig. 1 of the drawings 42 is atwo-pointed cam turning in bearings on the fixed frame 1, itscarrying-shaft being provided with an eighttooth ratchet-wheel 43.

44 is a dog or pawl carried by the cam 26 of i the reed-cap 27 andadapted to impart a stepby-step rotation to the ratchet-wheel 43 and thetwo-pointed cam 42.

45 is a forwardly-projecting finger on the carrying-frame of theneedle-carriages, that two strokes of the reed-cap 27 to move the raisedpart of the cam 42 away from theprojecting finger 45, so that the samewill be allowed to play toward the sunken part of said cam, and in likemanner it will require two strokes of the reed-cap to move the sunkenpart of the cam away from the finger 45 and bring the other raisedportion of the cam in contact with such finger, and so on continuon S]y.

\Vith the above construction the loopforming mechanism is active whilethe fingen 45 is in line with the sunken part of the cam and dormantwhen said finger is in line with the raised part of the cam, in whichdormant condition it is held at its backward position and theneedle-carriages held apart by rest-ing against the sides of the stops36.

While in the drawings the loop forming mechanism is shown attached tothe breastbeam of the loom, it is within the province of the presentinvention to support the same in any other usual manner, such, forinstance, as an auxiliary transverse beam arranged in a fixed positionimmediately above the breastbeam, so that the cloth will pass betweensaid auxiliary beam and the regular breastbeam. Such means of supportare common in the present type of apparatus and will be used where it isdesired to weave inner selvages. without cutting the different widthsapart until after the same have been printed or otherwise treated. q

The operation of the present selvage-weaving mechanism is as follows: Asthe reed moves away, after having beat up the last weft-thread, thespring-dog 34 on the camplate 26 of the reed-cap, being in en gagementwith the head 4 of the carrying-frame, acts to draw the same forwarduntil the adjustable stop 10 comes in contact with the forwardguide-bracket 6 of the stationary frame to prevent further forwardmovement of the movable frame and the needle-carriageatc, arrangedthereon. At this point the springdog 34 leaves its engagement, With theneedle-carriage in above-described forward position the loop-formingneedles 19 and 20 will rest upon the upper warp-threads in mannerindicated in Fig. 7, with the needle 19 depressing the same to a greaterdegree than the needle 20, so that such needle 19 will enter the shedfirst. With the continued movement of the cam-plate 26 awayfrom thepresent mechanism the inclined face 29 thereof permits theneedle-carriage, and with it the needle-19, to move inwardly in alateral direction, drawing off enough thread from the cop and throughthe tension 9 to form the selvage-loop, and such needle 19 will thusenter the shed, as indicated in Fig. 8. During such movement of theneedle 19 the needle 20 is held at its outer or dormant position by thestraight holding-surface of the cam 26 bearing against the post of theneedleplate 26 away from the present mechanism the inclined face 30thereof permits the needlecarriage, and with it the needle 20, to moveinwardly'in a lateral direction, drawing off enough thread from the copand through the tension 9 to form the selvage-loop, and such needle willthus enter the shed, as indicated in Fig. 9. The loop-forming mechanismnow lies dormant during the interval that the weft-thread is beingplaced in the shed by the shuttle, after which the reed returns,bringing the operating cam-plate 26 into an operative position. Duringsuch movement of the reed the shed is being shut by the loomhealds. Thecam-plate 26 by means of its shoulder 33 on its point now pushes backthe needle-carriage, &c., against the stops 36 and brings theloop-forming needles 19 and 20 nearer to the apex of the shed. With acontinued movement of the cam-plate 26 toward the present mechanism theinclined face thereof presses the needle carriage of the needle 20laterally outward to bring the needle 20 out of the shed and leaving theselvage-forming loop 46 of the independent thread 47 within the shed, asillustrated in Fig. 10. WVith a further movement of the cam-plate 26toward the present mechanism the inclined face 29 thereof presses theneedlecarriage of the needle 19 laterally outward to bring the needle 19out of the shed and leaving the selvage-forming loop within. the shed inmanner similar to that above described. The loom-healds have now fullycrossed over to form the succeeding shed and confine the selvage-loopsof the present invention and the weft-thread within the previous shed.The outer lateral movement of the needle-carriages just described bringsthe same clear of the stops 36, so that with a further movement of thereed toward the present mechanism, the lateral projections on thecam-plate 26 engage against the posts 24 of the needle-carriages to pushthe same fully back and out of the way of the reed While the same isbeating up the weft-thread and the selvage-loops thathave just beenformed. WVith the engagement of the lateral projections 35 with theposts 24 the spring-dog 34 rengages with the head of the maincarrying-frame, so that the mechanism will be ready for the next cycleof operations.

Having thus fully described my said invention, what I claim as new, anddesire to secure by Letters Patent, is

1. In a selvage weaving mechanism, in which a separate thread isemployed to form the selvage, the combination ofa needle-carriage, meansfor giving the same a lineal lateral and longitudinal reciprocation, aloopforming needle attached to said carriage and carrying separatethread, and means whereby the separate thread is supported and deliveredto the needle substantially as set forth.

2. In a selvage weaving mechanism, in which a separate thread isemployed to form the selvage, the combination of a needle-carriage,means for giving the same a lateral and longitudinal reciprocation, thesame consisting of a cam-plate 26, secured to the reed-cap of the loom,a loop-forming needle attached to said carriage and carrying a separatethread and means whereby the separate thread is supported and deliveredto the needle, substantially as set forth.

3. In a selvage weaving mechanism, in which a separate thread isemployed to form the selvage, the combination of a pair ofneedle-carriages, means for giving the same a lateral and longitudinalreciprocation, a pair of loop-forming needles attached to said carriagesand carrying separate threads, one of such needles being adapted tooperate in advance of the other, and means whereby the separate threadsare supported and delivered to the needles, substantially as set forth.

4. In a selvage weaving mechanism, in which a separate thread isemployed to form the selvage, the combination of a pair ofneedle-carriages, means for giving the same a lateral and longitudinalreciprocation, the same consisting of a cam-plate 26, secured toreed-cap and provided with inclined operating-faces one of which is setin advance of the other, a pair of loop-forming needles attached to saidcarriage and carrying separate threads, one of such needles beingadapted to operate in advance of the other, and means whereby theseparate threads are supported and delivered to the needles,substantially as set forth.

5. In a selvage weaving mechanism, in which a separate thread isemployed to form the selvage, the combination of apair ofneedle-carriages, means for giving the same a lateral and longitudinalreciprocation, apair of loop-forming needles attached to said carriagesand carrying separate threads, one of such needles being adapted tooperate in advance of the other, means whereby the separate threads aresupported and delivered to the needles, and a centrally-arranged shearsactuated by the longitudinal movement of said carriages to nip theweft-threads, substantially as set forth.

6. In a selvage weaving mechanism, in which a separate thread isemployed to form the selvage, the combination of a pair ofneedle-carriages, means for giving the same a lateral and longitudinalreciprocation, a pair of loop-forming needles attached to said carriagesand carrying separate threads, one of such needles being adapted tooperate in ad vance of the other, means whereby the separate threads aresupported and delivered to the needles, and a centrally-arranged shearsactuated by the longitudinal movement of said carriages to nip theweft-threads, such shears being made laterally adjustable on the bed ofthe mechanism, substantiallyas set forth.

7. In a selvage weaving mechanism, in which a separate thread isemployed to form the selvage, the combination of a pair ofneedle-carriages, means for giving the same a lateral and longitudinalreciprocation, a pair of loop-forming needles attached to said carriagesand carrying separate threads, one of such needles being adapted tooperate in advance of the other, means whereby the separate threads aresupported and delivered to the needles, and a centrally-arranged shearsactuated by the longitudinal movement of said carriages to nip theweft-threads, such shears consisting of a pair of outer stationaryblades, and a central moving blade, substantially as set forth.

8. In a selvage weaving mechanism, in which a separate thread isemployed to form the selvage, the combination of a pair ofneedle-carriages, means for giving the same a lateral and longitudinalreciprocation, apair of loop-forming needles attached to said carriagesand carrying separate threads, one of such needles being adapted tooperate in advance of the other, means whereby the separate threads aresupported and delivered to the needles, and a cam having an intermittentmovement and adapted to engage and hold the needle-carriages in a dormant con dition at regular intervals, substantially as set forth.

9. In a selvage weaving mechanism, in which a separate thread isemployed to form the selvage, the combination of a stationarysupporting-frame, a longitudinally-moving carrying-frame, a pair oflaterally-moving needle-carriages mounted thereon, stops 36,

on the main frame, a pair of loop-forming needles upon said carriages,cop-carrying spindles 7 on said carrying-frame and a camplate 26 on thereed-cap for operating the mechanism, substantially as set forth.

10. In a selvage-weaving mechanism, in which a separate thread isemployed to form the selvage, the combination of a stationarysupporting-frame, a longitudinally-moving carrying-frame, an adjustablestop 10, on said frame, a pair of laterally-moving needle-carriagesmounted on said frame, stops 36 on the main frame, a pair ofloop-forming needles upon said carriages, cop-carrying spindles 7 onsaid carrying-frame and a cam-plate 26, on the reed-cap for operatingthe mechanism, substantially as set forth.

11. In a selvage-weaving mechanism, in which a separate thread isemployed to form the selvage, the combination of a stationarysupporting-frame, a longitudinally-moving carrying-frame, a pair oflaterally-moving needle-carriages mounted thereon, each consisting of asliding head 13, laterally-adjustable slide 15, and verticallyadjustable bracket 17, a pair of loop-forming needles secured to saidbrackets, stops 36, on the main frame, cop-carrying spindles 7 on saidcarrying-frame and a cam-plate 26 on the reed-cap for operating themechanism, substantially as set forth.

12. In a selvage-weaving mechanism, in which a separate thread isemployed to form the selvage, the combination of a stationarysupporting-frame, a longitudinally-moving carrying-frame, a pair oflaterally-moving needle-carriages mounted thereon, stops 36,

on the mainframe, a pair of loop-forming needles upon said carriages,each needle being of a downwardly-curved formation and provided witheyes 22 and 23, and a thread-protecting groove 21 at front, cop-carryingspindles 7 on said carrying-frame and a cam-plate 26, on the reed-capfor operating the mechanism, substantially as set forth.

13. In a selvage-weaving mechanism, in which a separate thread isemployed to form the selvage, the combination of a stationary supporting-frame, a longitudinally-moving carrying-frame, a pair oflaterally-moving needle-carriages mounted thereon, stops 36 on the mainframe, a pair of loop-forming needles upon said carriages, cop-carryingspindles 7 onsaid carrying-frame and a camplare 26, on the reed-cap foroperating the mechanism, the same being formed with inclined faces 29and 30, and straight faces 31 and 32, substantially as set forth.

14. In a selvage-weaving mechanism, in which a separate thread isemployed to form the selvage, the combination of a stationary supporting-frame, a longitudinally-moving carrying-frame, a pair oflaterally-moving needle-carriages mounted thereon, stops 36, on the mainframe, apair of loop-forming needles upon said carriages, cop carryingspindles 7 on said carrying-frame and a camplate 26 on the reed-cap foroperating the mechanism, the same being formed with a shoulder 33 nearits point that is adapted to engage one of the posts 24, to push theneedlecarriage backward against the stops 36, substantially as setforth.

15. In a selvage-weaving mechanism, in which a separate thread isemployed to form the selvage, the combination of a stationarysupporting-frame, a longitudinally-movingv carrying-frame, a pair oflaterallymoving needle-carriages mounted thereon stops 36 on the mainframe, a pair of loop-forming needles upon said carriages, cop-carryingspindles 7 on said carrying-frame and a cam-plate 26 on the reed-cap foroperating the mechanism, the same being formed, with.a pair of laterallugs 35 that are adapted to force the needle-carriages backward out ofthe way of the loomreed, substantially as set forth.

16. In a selvage-weaving mechanism, in which a separate thread isemployed to form the selvage, the combination of a stationarysupporting-frame, a longitudinallymoving carrying frame, an adjustablestop 10, on said frame, a pair of laterally-moving needlecarriagesmounted on said frame, stops 36, on the main frame, a pair ofloop-forming needles upon said carriages, cop-carrying spindles 7 onsaid carrying-frame, a cam-plate 26 on the reed for operating themechanism, and a spring-dog 34 attached to the cam that is adapted toengage and draw the needle-carriages into their forward position,substantially as set forth.

17. In a selvage-weaving mechanism, in which a separate thread isemployed to form the selvage, the combination of a needle-carriage,means for giving the same a lateral and longitudinal reciprocation, aloopforming needle attached to said carriage and carrying a separatethread, a cloth-positionin g plate 25, and means whereby the separatethread is supported and delivered to the needle, substantially as setforth.

18. In a selvage-weaving mechanism, in which a separate thread isemployed to form the selvage, the combination of a pair ofneedle-carriages, means for giving the same a lateral and longitudinalreciprocation, a pair of loop-forming needles attached to said carriagesand carrying separate threads, one of such needles being adapted tooperate in advance of the other, a cloth-positioning plate 25, and meanswhereby the separate threads are supported and delivered to the needles,substantially as set forth.

19. I11 a selvage-Weaving mechanism, in

which a separate thread is employed to form the selvage, thecombinationof a pair of needle-carriages, means for giving the same a lateral andlongitudinal reciprocation, the same consisting of a cam-plate 26,secured to the reed-cap and provided with inclined operatingfaces, oneof which is set in advance of the other, a cloth-positioning plate 25, apair of loop-forming needles attached to said carriages and carryingseparate threads, one of such needles being adapted to operate inadvance of the other, and means whereby the separate threads aresupported and delivered to the needles, substantially as set forth.

In testimony whereof Witness my hand this 7th day of March, 1896.

GEORGE BROYVNING.

In presence of ROBERT BURNS, H. A. Nor'r.

